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Ultrasound imaging is now used extensively for evaluating abdominal and pelvic organs, heart and blood vessels and muscles and tendons (musculoskeletal ultrasound) .  Ultrasound is also used to guide a needle to a specific area in biopsy procedures.

Obstetric or pregnancy ultrasound is performed when clinically indicated eg to evaluate the position of the fetus, assess for placental position, multiple pregnancy, viability, abnormalities, establish fetal age.

Doppler ultrasound is used to examine blood flow in both the arterial and venous systems and can assist in evaluating blood flow to assess for the presence of clots, or plaque and / or the presence of congenital malformations in some body areas.

Nuchal Translucency is the measurement of a layer of fluid seen in the soft tissue of the neck in the developing fetus.
Nuchal Translucency assessment is a test offered to pregnant women. The test gives a measurement that may indicate an increased risk of chromosomal and other fetal abnormalities. An abnormal result does not mean that the baby has an abnormality but suggests further tests may be indicated.
The nuchal measurement can only be performed between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy.